The performance of agriculture/cultivation can be measured by crop water productivity (CWP). Crop water productivity (kg/m³) is a measure of the quantum of food produced per unit of water consumed. Farmers performance at the site depends on various factors like farming practice, crop type, soil type, weather and available resources like water, power, fertilizer. The total amount of crop yield produced by different farmers differs based on these different factors especially on irrigation and the facilities available with farmers to perform irrigation. Knowing the history of CWP of the farmers site is important to improve the CWP of the site.

The figure here shows the plot of water applied vs yield. As can be seen from the figure the yield increases (and CWP) with application of water until one point after which the yield (and CWP) reduces with increasing water application. This happens because the increasing water results in increasing water loss after max yield point. Thus, it is important to estimate the right amount of water for the site and for a type of crop.

The water utilized at the site can be estimated using several approaches like directly measuring the quantity of irrigation and rainfall occurred in the site. It is seldom seen in an agricultural site that a farmer keeps a tab of irrigation quantity especially in a country like India where > 36 % (world bank report) of agricultural sites are irrigated. Irrigation quantity can also be indirectly estimated using soil moisture or pumping information measured at the site or by measuring evapotranspiration which gives the total amount of water utilized by the crop at the site. With the knowledge of soil moisture and modeling approaches irrigation can be quantified (Brocca et al, 2018). 

At Satyukt analytics these parameters like evapotranspiration, soil moisture, rainfall and crop yield are monitored regularly. Along with crop-hydrological modeling and the measurements the value of CWP for different farms can be provided. Knowing CWP at each farm can be made use of in improving the irrigation scheduling at the site, choosing the right crop type for the farm and proper utilization of water resources. Thus, wise use of water at farm level is very crucial for sustainable growth of agriculture and improvement in production.